美国移民经济担保书的一些建议指导

（本文里的“你”指美国请愿人-JMS的配偶）

如果在美国移民申请过程中遇到经济担保问题而无法解决，请联系咨询科领出国，我们丰富的办理经验，在经济担保方面可以提供相关建议，助你解决经济担保问题。

你需要1份以上的affidavit of support(经济)资助宣誓书（或称为经济担保书），你可以在填好表格后，只留下签名的地方，再复印你所需要的份数，然后在公证员面前把复印件和原件都签上名字。在经济担保的说明上指明了你可以这么做。

如果你有联合担保人，没有足够的收入通常不是问题，只要联合担保人有足够的收入或资产即可。

要知道，联合担保人必须有足够的收入来担保以下所有人：你的未婚夫（妻）、即将移民的未婚夫（妻）子女、他/她（指联合担保人）自己的家属（确切说应该是由联合担保人供养的家属）。但如果美国未婚夫（妻）一方申请了生活保障或其他政府救济或没有实际的工作计划，那么领事馆仍然可以依据其外国未婚妻（夫）可能将成为政府负担这一可能性，而拒签。所以，只是有联合担保人是不够的。在已有资料证明的一个实例中，一个未婚夫（妻）签证被拒绝了，原因在于作为请愿人的美国未婚夫申请了政府救济并且未预有工作-虽然美国未婚夫有两个联合担保人。

当使用资产作为担保条件时，资产值必须是担保人收入及125%贫困线之差的5倍以上。这是因为资助宣誓书计算时间为5年。举个例子来说，如果你需要15500美元的收入而你的年收入为13500美元，那么在5年里，每年所差的2000美元都需要相应的资产。因此除你的收入外，需有总额为10000美元的资产作为补充（5年×2000美元）。一般而言，如果你的年收入不足以担保但你的资产有点基本合乎要求，则不必找联合担保人。如果你没有工作或其他渠道的固定收入（例如退休金），你很可能要给你的配偶找一个联合担保人-即便你有足够的资产作担保。NVC似乎对现阶段的收入要求较严而非只是有资产就可以了。虽然在I-134的指导里未明确列出对收入的要求，但美国驻外国的领事馆在核发签证时将以和I-864同样的标准来审查你。所以，记得要按前述的方法按提供财政资料。

你的雇主信里主要需写上：

致相关人士：

名.姓（你的名.姓）自200　年以来就受雇于　　公司全职从事　工作，作为一名员工，领取　美元的年薪。

约翰　无名氏（雇主公司的领导或其他头衔）

信要装在印有公司名号的信封里。

6.一些美国驻外的领事馆要求提供第二份资助担保，即“社会安全法案下的担保人经济责任表”。这个表格很简单也很好填，填好了签名即可。香港领事馆就要求提供这个表格，悉尼领事馆也是。

7.外国未婚妻/夫的收入不可计入任何一份资助担保书里（除非她/他已和美国未婚夫/妻生活在一起，已婚，并在美国6个月以上）。不过，外国未婚妻/妻的资产如果可以方便地转换成现金的话，可以列入计算（注意，在另一些情况下，外国未婚妻/夫的收入可以列入I-864计算，例如在美国的外国人，以工作或学生签证进入美国并结婚然后申请调整身份的。如果外国配偶已经和美国配偶一家住在一起至少6个月的，那么外国配偶的收入可以列入计算。据我所知，在有关未婚妻/夫的签证中，还没有出现在签证面试或提请转身份时，外国配偶已经抵达美国6个月，收入可以列入计算的情况）

8.美国未婚夫/妻永远都是第一担保人，也可能有联合担保人。如果有联合担保人，那么美国未婚夫/妻和联合担保人都必须提供各自填写I-134或I-864，并需各自提供证明材料。

９.I-864担保人搬家：如果担保人或联合人搬家，在30天内必须用I-865表通知USCIS。

10.卡版主指示：I-864作为一份合法的契约/合同，其有效期是10年，不是5年，这意味着担保人担保受益人的时间为10年。除非受益人5年后入籍，（否则）I-864仍将有效。

注：

1.卡卡这10年的有效期说明不全面。I-864有效期是一直到申请人1）加入美国籍；2）回国不再居住在美国；3）挣够40个工作点数，一般是10年最短期限。 某些人收入不够工作点数那一年就白浪费了，这I-864有效期就要比10年还要长。

2.已交NVC的I-864没有一年限制，不用重新递交。移民局除了移民法以外，还用他们内部的“背忘录”作为指导。有新的背忘录指示超过一年递交的I-864仍可使用。支持性文件像税单，工资表和雇主信就要随时更新。___by piggy （甜豆于2006/06/04补充）

4.有关表格的官方网址：

[I-864表]

[I-865表]

[I-134表]

＜English Version＞

Some tips on the affidavit of support

If you need more than one affidavit, fill out the entire form but leave the signature blank, then sign each copy and the original in the presence of a notary to have as many notarized copies as you need. It states in the directions that you can do this.

Not having adequate income will not usually be a problem if you have a co-sponsor, according to experiences posted on the newsgroup, as long as the co-sponsor has adequate income/assets.

Be aware that the co-sponsor must have enough income/assets for both your fiance, any fiance children that will be immigrating, and his/her own household. However, that IF the US fiance has been on welfare or other government benefits for a lifetime or has no plans to work actively, the consulate can still deny the visa based on the likelihood that the foreign fiance will become a public charge. Just having a co-sponsor may not be sufficient.

An actual case has been documented wherein a fiance visa was denied because the petitioning fiance was on government benefits and would not be working, even though the US fiance had two co-sponsors.

When assets are used, the assets must equal 5 times the difference between the annual income and the needed 125% of the poverty level, this is because the affidavit is in effect for 5 years. For instance, if you needed $15,500 income and had an annual income of $13,500, you would need an extra $2,000 of assets for 5 years, or a total of $10,000 in assets in addition to your income. In general, if you are deficient on yearly income for sponsorship and your assets are somewhat borderline, do not take chances--have a co-sponsor. If you do not have a job or a steady income from other sources (such as retirement income), you will likely have to get a co-sponsor for your spouse, even if your assets are adequate. The USCIS looks VERY CLOSELY at current income and not just the assets.

While there are no specific income requirements listed in the I-134 form directions, you will be judged by the same criteria as the I-864 form requirements when they are issueing the visa at the foreign US consulate, so provide financial information for the I-134 with those guidelines in mind.

Basically, your employer letter should state "To whom it may concern: (first name,last name) has been employed full-time with the XYZ Company since 200_ as a (name of your job), and is an employee in good standing with an annual salary of $XXXX. Signed, John Doe, Supervisor (or whatever title)" The letter should be on company letterhead.

Some foreign U.S. consulates require a 2nd affidavit of support which is called "sponsor's financial responsibility under the social security act." It is a simple form and easily filled out and signed. The Hong Kong consulate does require this form, as does the Sydney (Australia) consulate.

The foreign fiance's income can NOT be counted on either affidavit (except when the foreign fiance has been living with the fiance, married, and in the US for six months), however the foreign fiance's assets CAN be used if they are readily convertible into cash. The USCIS is concerned ONLY about the US fiance's income/assets. (Note that in other situations the foreign spouse's income MAY be counted on I-864 affidavit, such as foreigner in U.S.

on work or student visa who marries and then files for adjustment of status. IF the foreign spouse has LIVED IN THE HOUSEHOLD of the U.S. spouse for at least 6 months, then his/her income CAN be counted. There are NO situations involving fiance visa in which foreign spouse's income can be counted, as far as I know, when interviewing for the fiance visa or when filing adjustment of status within 6 months of arrival in the US.)

The US fiance is ALWAYS the primary sponsor, but may have a co-sponsor. If there is a co-sponsor, both the US fiance and the co-sponsor will EACH have to fill out the affidavit I-134 or I-864 and EACH will have to provide supporting documentation.

NOTE: I-864 SPONSOR MOVES: FOR the I-864: If the sponsor or co-sponsor moves, the USCIS should be notified within 30 days via an I-865 form.